Laparoscopic surgery, also known as minimally invasive surgery, has several specialties, including:

    1.    Gynecology:       Procedures like hysterectomy, ovarian cyst removal, and endometriosis treatment can be performed using laparoscopy.
    2.    General Surgery:       Laparoscopy is used for gallbladder removal, hernia repair, and appendectomy, reducing scarring and recovery time.
    3.    Bariatric Surgery:        Laparoscopic techniques are commonly used for weight loss surgeries like gastric bypass and sleeve gastrectomy.
    4.    Urology:            Procedures such as kidney removal, prostate surgery, and bladder surgery can be performed laparoscopically.
    5.    Colorectal Surgery:            Laparoscopy is used for treating conditions like colorectal cancer, diverticulitis, and inflammatory bowel disease.
    6.    Hepatobiliary Surgery:        Liver and bile duct surgeries can be done with laparoscopic methods, minimizing trauma to the patient.
    7.    Orthopedic Surgery:       Some joint surgeries, like knee and shoulder procedures, can be performed using laparoscopic techniques.
    8.    Cardiac Surgery:     Minimally invasive techniques are used for certain heart procedures, such as mitral valve repair.
    9.    Thoracic Surgery:       Procedures like lung biopsies, lobectomies, and thymus gland removal can be performed laparoscopically.
    10.    Pediatric Surgery:        Certain pediatric surgeries, such as appendectomy and fundoplication, are increasingly being performed using laparoscopic methods.

These specialties benefit from laparoscopic techniques by reducing post-operative pain, shortening hospital stays, and promoting faster recovery times for patients.